Architectural precedent

6月 29, 2019

Architectural precedent

1.Nest We Grow/College of Environmental Design UC Berkeley, Kengo Kuma & Associates

1.Key Concept.

This project is an international design-build competition, and it is an elaborate timber community food hub which recently constructed on the island of Hokkaido. The aim is to bring people together to store, prepare and enjoy local delicacies. The building is made of concrete, wood and translucent plastic curtain wall. Such a building encompasses a series of behavioral processes, such as food growth, harvesting, storage, cooking, eating, and processing. It is a 100% self-sufficient ecological chain recycling building. This model uses traditional Japanese timber structure to show the upper tea house. The design is built around the ecosystem. The plant seeds are distributed in a sunny and plentiful from each orientation. After grown, they are suspended from a wooden frame beam between the curtain wall and the interior tea room. The processing of the food is located in the ground wall at the bottom of the building, and the sharing is carried out in a tea room "suspended" at the center of the building.

2.Selected Design Element

The most interesting thing in this model is the base part connection with timber structure. The structure is an about 8-foot-tall, structurally isolated concrete wall embedded with the ground floor, helping to protect the wood from moisture. This structure divides into two sections: the first part is the base section. At the bottom of the structure, the concrete wall protects the interior space from strong external winds. For another upper part, The nine larch columns fixed on the concrete foundation provide the main structural support of the building. In order to save budget, each column consists of four pieces of 6x6 glued wood, fixed together by nine steel plates and 40 bolts. The resulting 12-inch square column increased by 29.5 feet. On each floor, two pairs of vertically glued larch beams intersect each column. Beams and columns embedded in grooves 3 inches wide and 10 inches deep.As the notch is the same size as the beam. So the surface looks flat. The bolts that fasten the columns together and fix the beam to complete the rigid connection.

3. How is the Key Concept Reflected in the Design Studio?

This timber structure concept can be used in my final year housing studio. My studio question is how to provide housing space for extended family which comes from different cultural background people. There are one of my ideas is to provide space for the shared kitchen in the public space that all the residents can engage in public space. Therefore, this precedent would be a good idea for me to apply it to my question. I am very eager to be able to do a timber structure in my studio, and I need a more public shared kitchen for my current studio. This timber structure can be used in my program because the structure can not only save a lot of time but also save a lot of budgets, is a design that reflects the public space. This wood is very easy to obtain. Some of the details are very important, such as the connecting part of the wood and the foundation in order to prevent the wood from being corroded, the wood is embedded in cement to increase the durability and sustainability of the building. The timber embedded in each other makes the wood surface very smooth and makes the whole structure look very clean, which is very suitable for my studio design concept.

4.Geometrical Description of the Shape.

I am going to 2 models for this precedent. One is a 1:100 scale for the whole building project. The second model is 1:10 for detail timber beam connection.

1:100 model: whole model

Structure: it can use laser cutting and use the 2.5mm thick plywood then glue the pieces together to support a shaped structure.

Basement: The step is laser cutting 6mm plywood to make the basement mode and gluing together box which is used as a mold to make the basement part. Structural forms are cast using a mixture of white cement and water with a ratio of 100 to 38. Before filling the concrete into the mold, the mold is spread with Vaseline for the ease of cast removal after the form is set to dry.

Curtain Wall: 1mm thick clear acrylic is laser cut with some light scores and windows holes and glued to the structural model.

Base: Laser cutting triple layers of 6mm thick poplar plywood to form an area of 200mm x 200mm with some holes to hold the structure.

1:10 model: Detail connection of timber

90*35mm Timber frame cut in the workshop

Cutting into pieces of 6*6mm column and combine 4 columns into one polar.

5.Proposed Scale, Material, Technique.

Proposed Scale:1:100 and 1:10

Material: plywood 2.5mm

Plywood 6.0mm

Clear ACRYLIC 1mm

90*35mm timber frame

Technique: Laser cutting Casting Timber workshop

6.Time Commitment, Budget

Time commitment: 20 Hrs

Budget:

Total budget: 150 AUD

2.Church of the Light/Tadao Ando

ã€Œchurch of light ã€çš„åœ–ç‰‡æœå°‹çµæžœ

1.Key Concept.

The church is located in a secluded corner of a quiet suburb, in Ibaraki,Osaka. The small complex consists of two modest buildings, arranged at an angle, oriented according to the urban pattern of the neighborhood. The site consists of three buildings-the minister's house, the Sunday school and the church of light.

The awareness of the spiritual and secular within themselves. The coexisting difference leaves the church void, and it is ornamented creating a pure, unadorned space. The intersection of light and solid concrete raises environment.

The concrete construction is an exposed concrete of Ando's principal who focuses on simplicity and minimalist aesthetic. The decision to place the intersection on the east facade allows light to flow into the entire space, which affects the internal concrete walls and converts the volume of the darkroom into a lighting box. For the circulation, When entering the church, immediately encounter the wall and force the left into the wall, allowing the right to enter the church space. By keeping the opening to a minimum, the effect of light penetrating through the cross is enhanced.

2.Selected Design Element

Based on very simple elements like rectangular boxes and intersection planes, Ando modeled the church using light to create space. The main church is a 6x6x18m box, laterally crossed by a wall rotated 15 degrees from the main axis of the nave. Ando’s hava done not only in introducing this light element, that brings dynamism to the serene space of the nave, but to separate it a few inches from the roof, allowing light to filter horizontally and giving the impression that the roof is floating in the air. This diagonal wall also contains a 1.60x5.35m glass sliding screen and the gateway to the room, as in a traditional Japanese Shoji. Behind the altar there is a cross-shaped opening, bathing the interior space with the power and energy of light.

The key element for this church is the materials using. The exposed concrete compliments with the warmth of wood and the penetrating light bring about an experience of solace and hope. While space is primarily defined by the concrete volume, wood is used for all of the elements that one engages such as the seating and the floor. The furniture and the severity of the grim ambient that houses it, combined with the lively and ever-changing performance of light and shadow, manage to provide stress and intensity along with purity, which is in itself the essence of the spirituality that this space conveys. The visual center of the church is an intersection that breaks the thick clear concrete wall into four parts. The visual effect instantly transforms into a spiritual perception. This wall produces a special light and shadow effect that will have different results at different times, giving believers a wonderful feeling of approaching God.

3. How is the Key Concept Reflected in the Design Studio?

On my further studio, the concrete is poured and formed gives the concrete a luminous quality when exposed to natural light. Exploring the lighting and spatial experience of public area interior and exterior through some material using and cutting some holes. It is important for me to know the concept of how to use materials and space to describe one abstract thing, like natural light. For the studio, I am going to show some space for light art in the gallery. This kind of method to use cheap materials to explain the space to have the art quality expressing an ideal concept.

4.Geometrical Description of the Shape.

As the main church is a 6x6x18m box, I am going to model this church at the scale 1:50. It is going to use laser cutting to make the wall mode, and prepare to cast the mode with the concrete wall. In this way, it can show the original material space. The technique is using laser cutting and casting do modes. The first step draws the plan and components and prepares the laser cutting file. After using the Plywood to cut the panels to glue the wall mode. Mix cement with water to pour into the prepared mode and wait for the concrete drying. Finally, insert the two-component together. The time can be 1-hour laser cutting for the panel of mode +24 hours casting (waiting for dry time)+4 hours sandpaper scrub model.